izindaba

Kulezi zinsuku, abantu banaka ukuvikelwa kwekhabhoni ephansi kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo, ngakho-ke lapho behlobisa, abantu abaningi bazokhetha ezinye izembozo ezinobungani nemvelo. Namuhla sikhuluma kakhulu ngezembozo ezingangeni manzi ezinobungani nemvelo. Izembozo ezingangeni manzi zihlukaniswe kakhulu zibe izinhlobo ezimbili zezembozo: izembozo ezincibilika emanzini (zembozo ezisekelwe emanzini) kanye nezembozo ezisekelwe ku-solvent. Ngakho-ke uyini umehluko phakathi kwalezi zembozo ezimbili ezingangeni manzi?

Umehluko phakathi kwezembozo ezisekelwe emanzini nezembozo ezisekelwe ku-solvent ungashiwo kusukela emibonweni elandelayo:

A. Umehluko ezinhlelweni zokumboza

1. I-resin ihlukile. I-resin yopende osekelwe emanzini iyancibilika emanzini futhi ingahlakazeka (incibilike) emanzini;

2. Isinyibilikisi (isinyibilikisi) sihlukile. Upende osekelwe emanzini ungaxutshwa ne-DIWater (amanzi ahlanjululwe) nganoma yisiphi isilinganiso, kuyilapho upende osekelwe kwisinyibilikisi ungaxutshwa kuphela nezinyibilikisi eziphilayo (i-parafini engenaphunga, uwoyela omhlophe okhanyayo, njll.).

B. Izidingo ezahlukene zokwakha upende

1. Endaweni yokwakha, izinga lokubanda kwamanzi lingu-0 °C, ngakho-ke izembozo ezisekelwe emanzini azikwazi ukufakwa ngaphansi kuka-5 °C, kuyilapho izembozo ezisekelwe ku-solvent zingasetshenziswa ngaphezu kuka-5 °C, kodwa ijubane lokomisa lizoncipha futhi isikhathi esiphakathi kwemizila sizokwelulwa;

2. Ngokuphathelene nokuthamba kokwakha, umphumela wokunciphisa ukuthamba kwamanzi awulungile, futhi upende osekelwe emanzini uzoba yinkinga uma uncishisiwe futhi wehliswa ukuthamba (ukunciphisa ukuthamba kuzonciphisa kakhulu okuqukethwe okuqinile koketshezi olusebenzayo lopende, kuthinte amandla okumboza upende, futhi kwandise inani lamaphasi okwakha), ukulungiswa kokuthamba okusekelwe ku-solvent kulula kakhulu, futhi umkhawulo wokuthamba uzothinta nokukhethwa kwendlela yokwakha;

3. Ukuze komiswe futhi kulungiswe, upende osekelwe emanzini uthambile kakhulu, umswakama uphezulu futhi izinga lokushisa liphansi, awukwazi ukuphulukiswa kahle, futhi isikhathi sokomisa siyanwetshwa, kodwa uma izinga lokushisa lishiswa, upende osekelwe emanzini nawo udinga ukushiswa nge-gradient, futhi uzongena endaweni eshisa kakhulu ngokushesha. Ngemva kokuba ubuso bopende osekelwe emanzini bomile Ukugcwala komhwamuko wamanzi wangaphakathi kungabangela imigodi noma ngisho nokukhukhumala okukhulu, ngoba amanzi kuphela asetshenziswa njengesihlanzi kupende osekelwe emanzini, futhi akukho gradient yokukhukhumala. Ukuze kuhlanganiswe nesihlanzi, isihlanzi sakhiwe yizihlanzi eziphilayo ezinamazinga ahlukene okubila, futhi kunezinhlobo eziningi zokukhukhumala. Izenzakalo ezifanayo ngeke zenzeke ngemva kokukhanya (isikhathi sokomisa ngemva kokwakhiwa siqediwe kuze kube yisikhathi sokomisa ngaphambi kokungena kuhhavini).

C. Umehluko ekuhlobiseni i-coating ngemva kokwakheka kwefilimu

C-1. Ukuvezwa okuhlukile kokucwebezela

1. Izembozo ezisekelwe ku-solvent zingalawula ubuncane be-pigment kanye ne-fillers ngokuya ngokugaya, futhi akulula ukuziqinisa ngesikhathi sokugcina. Ngokufaka ama-resin ukulawula i-PVC yokumboza (isilinganiso se-pigment-to-base), izithasiselo (ezifana nama-matting agents) ukuze kufezwe izinguquko ekukhanyeni kwefilimu yokumboza, I-gloss ingaba matte, matte, semi-matte, kanye ne-high-gloss. I-gloss yopende wemoto ingaba phezulu njengo-90% noma ngaphezulu;

2. Ukuvezwa okukhazimulayo kwamapende asekelwe emanzini akubanzi njengokwamapende asekelwe kumafutha, futhi ukuvezwa okukhazimulayo okuphezulu akukuhle. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amanzi apendini asetshenziswa njengesihlanzi. Izici zokuguquguquka kwamanzi zenza kube nzima ngamapende asekelwe emanzini ukuthi

kuveza ukukhanya okuphezulu okungaphezu kuka-85%.

C-2. Ukuvezwa kombala okuhlukile

1. Izimbozo ezisekelwe ku-solvent zinezinhlobonhlobo zemibala kanye nezigcwalisi, kungaba ezingaphili noma ezingokwemvelo, ngakho-ke imibala ehlukahlukene ingalungiswa, futhi ukuvezwa kombala kuhle kakhulu;

2. Uhlu lokukhetha lwemibala kanye nezigcwalisi zopende olusekelwe emanzini luncane, futhi imibala eminingi yemvelo ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa. Ngenxa yombala ongaphelele, kunzima ukulungisa imibala ecebile njengopende olusekelwe ku-solvent.

D. Isitoreji kanye Nokuthutha

Upende osekelwe emanzini awunazo izinyibilikisi eziphilayo ezivuthayo, futhi uphephile ukuwugcina nokuwuthutha. Uma kwenzeka ukungcola, ungagezwa futhi uxutshwe ngamanzi amaningi. Kodwa-ke, upende osekelwe emanzini unezidingo zokushisa zokugcina nokuthuthwa. Ubisi nezinye izinkinga.

E. Ukwedlula Konke Okusebenzayo

Izimbozo ezisekelwe ku-solvent ikakhulukazi ziyimikhiqizo yemvelo, futhi imikhiqizo yemvelo izoba nezinkinga eziningi ezifana nokuqhekeka kweketanga kanye nokufakwa kwe-carbonization ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa eziphakeme. Njengamanje, ukumelana okuphezulu kokushisa kwemikhiqizo yemvelo akudluli ku-400 °C.

Izembozo ezikhethekile ezimelana nokushisa okuphezulu ezisebenzisa ama-resin akhethekile angaphili emanzini zingamelana nokushisa kwezinkulungwane zama-degree. Isibonelo, izembozo ezisekelwe emanzini ezimelana nokushisa okuphezulu zochungechunge lwe-ZS azigcini nje ngokubheka izakhiwo zokulwa nokugqwala kanye nokulwa nokubola kwezembozo ezivamile, kodwa futhi nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kwesikhathi eside, kufika ku-3000 ℃ Ukushisa okuphezulu, okungenakwenzeka ngezembozo ezisekelwe ku-solvent.

G. Umehluko ekuphepheni nasekuvikelweni kwemvelo

Izembozo ezisekelwe ku-solvent zinezingozi zokuphepha ezingaba khona zomlilo nokuqhuma ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa, ukuthuthwa, ukugcinwa, kanye nokusetshenziswa. Ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezivalekile, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi zibangele ukuminyana nokuqhuma. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-organic solvents izophinde ibangele umonakalo othile emzimbeni womuntu. Icala elidumile kakhulu yi-toluene ebangela umdlavuza, futhi i-toluene ayisavunyelwe ukusetshenziswa. I-VOC yezembozo ezisekelwe ku-solvent iphezulu, futhi imikhiqizo evamile iphakeme ngisho nangaphezu kuka-400. Amabhizinisi angaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu ekuvikelweni kwemvelo nasekuphepheni lapho ekhiqiza futhi esebenzisa izembozo ezisekelwe ku-solvent.

Izembozo ezisekelwe emanzini zinobungani nemvelo futhi ziphephile ekukhiqizweni, ekuthuthweni, ekugcinweni nasekusetshenzisweni (ngaphandle kwezembozo ezisekelwe emanzini mbumbulu ezivela kwabanye abakhiqizi abangakahleleki).

Isiphetho:

Izembozo ezisekelwe emanzini kanye nezembozo ezisekelwe ku-solvent zinezinzuzo kanye nokungalungi kwazo. Ngenxa yokuthi ucwaningo lwezembozo ezisekelwe emanzini alukakavuthwa, ukusebenza kwezembozo ezisekelwe emanzini akukwazi ukuhlangabezana ngokugcwele nezidingo zokukhiqiza umphakathi. Ukusetshenziswa kwezembozo ezisekelwe ku-solvent kusadingeka. Isimo sangempela siyahlaziywa futhi sahlulelwe, futhi asinakuphikwa ngenxa yobuthakathaka obuthile bohlobo oluthile lopende. Kukholakala ukuthi ngokujula kocwaningo lwesayensi ngezembozo ezisekelwe emanzini, ngolunye usuku, izembozo ezintsha ezinobungani nemvelo neziphephile zizosetshenziswa kabanzi kuwo wonke amagumbi omhlaba.