izindaba

I-Dispersant ibizwa nangokuthi i-wetting and dispersing agent. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, inomphumela wokumanzisa, ngakolunye uhlangothi, uhlangothi olulodwa lweqembu layo elisebenzayo lungamuncwa ebusweni be-pigment luchotshozwe lube yizinhlayiya ezincane, kanti olunye uhlangothi lunyibilikiswa ezintweni eziyisisekelo ukuze kwakheke ungqimba lokumuncwa (lapho amaqembu okumuncwa eningi, lapho i-chain link iba yinde, ungqimba lokumuncwa luba lukhulu) ukuze kukhiqizwe ukuxoshwa kweshaja (upende osekelwe emanzini) noma ukuxoshwa kwe-entropy (upende osekelwe ku-solvent), ukuze izinhlayiya ze-pigment zihlakazeke futhi zilengiswe kupende isikhathi eside ukuze kugwenywe ukugoba futhi. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuzinza kokugcinwa kohlelo lopende.
 
Izinhlobo ezivame ukusetshenziswa zama-dispersants.
1. I-ejenti yokumanzisa nokuhlakaza ye-anionic
Iningi lazo lakhiwe yi-non-polar, negative charge hydrocarbon chain kanye ne-polar hydrophilic group. La maqembu amabili aseziphethweni ezimbili ze-molecule, akha isakhiwo sama-molecule esingalingani se-hydrophilic kanye ne-oleophilic. Izinhlobo zayo yilezi: i-sodium oleate C17H33COONa, i-carboxylate, i-sulfate (RO-SO3Na), i-sulfonate (R-SO3Na), njll. Ukuhambisana kwama-anionic dispersants kuhle, futhi ama-polymer e-polycarboxylic acid, njll. angasetshenziswa nasezimbozweni ezisekelwe ku-solvent futhi asetshenziswe kabanzi njenge-controlled flocculation-type dispersants.

2. I-ejenti yokumanzisa nokuhlakaza ye-Cationic
Ziyi-compounds ezikhokhiswe kahle ezingezona i-polar base, ikakhulukazi usawoti we-amine, usawoti we-quaternary amine, usawoti we-pyridinium, njll. Ama-surfactants e-cationic anamandla amakhulu okumunca futhi anomphumela ongcono wokusabalala kumnyama we-carbon, ama-oxide ensimbi ahlukahlukene kanye nombala we-organic, kodwa kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi asabela ngamakhemikhali neqembu le-carboxyl ezintweni eziyisisekelo, futhi futhi aqaphele ukuthi akufanele asetshenziswe kanyekanye nama-dispersants e-anionic.

3. I-hyperdispersant yohlobo lwe-free radical elawulwayo
Okwesibili, indima yomsabalalisi
1.Thuthukisa ukukhanya futhi wandise umphumela wokulinganisa.
2. Vimbela umbala ontantayo kanye nokuqhakaza kwezimbali.
3. Thuthukisa amandla okufaka imibala.
4.Nciphisa i-viscosity futhi wandise ukulayisha kwe-pigment.
5.Nciphisa ukugoqana, wandise ukwakheka kanye nokusebenziseka kalula.
6. Vimbela ukubola futhi wandise ukuzinza kwesitoreji.
7. Khulisa ukusabalala kombala kanye nokugcwala kombala.
8. Khulisa ukucaca noma amandla okumboza.
9. Thuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokugaya futhi wehlise izindleko zokukhiqiza.
10. Vimbela ukuxazulula inkinga.